Internal-combustion engine



Aug. 14. 1928.

L. V. HOSFORD INTERNAL CONBUSTION ENGINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed D90. 13, 1926 v III INVENTOR leanardifflofard;

Aug. 14. 1928. 1,680,883 8 L. V. HOSFORD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Dec. 13, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Bizmum

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 14, 1928.

UNITED STATES nnommn v. nosronn, or PORTLAND, onneon.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

. Application filed December 13, 1928. Serial No. 154,622.

My invention relates to that class of internal combustion engines employing a cylinder enclosing a, stationary piston and a reciprocating piston, sliding over the station ary piston within the cylinder.

The present invention has for its object t provide certain improvements inthe construction of the reciprocating'piston and its connections with the crank shaftwhereby it is possible to overcome side thrusts oftlie piston in large size engines and whereby a rigidly connecting piston rod may be used with a sliding head connected between it and the connecting rod, the head having sliding engagement with a guideway on the inside of. thepiston, which guideway is preferably removable so that it maybe replaced in'case of wear with minimum diificulty and at slight expense.

Another object is to provide means for assisting in cooling the reciprocating piston head by effecting communication between it and an external "source of water or oil supply via the piston rod.

With other objects in view whichwill be clear to those skilled in the art the invention resides in those novel features of construction, combination and arrangementof parts, all of which will be first fully described, then be specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section of a portion of an engine embodying my invention. p

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line 2--2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1, parts being shown in elevation.

Figure 4 is a detail perspective view of the sliding head, with the telescopic pipes which it carries. V

Figure 5 is a perspective viewof one of the fixed telescopic pipes and its bracket.

In the drawing in which like numerals of reference indicate like parts in all the figures, 1 represents the base, 2 the crank case, 3 the cylinder, 4 the stationary piston and 5 tl l e flange of the stationary piston, by means of which it is secured through bolts to a flangeof the cylinder.

The stationary piston 4 has its head provided with a gland 7 and also with ports 8 that are controlled by one-way air valves 9, the construction of which valves per se formsno part of the present invention, as any suitable valve for the purpose may be employed. i v

The reciprocating piston 10 has a hollow head 11 to whichis connected the piston rod 12 that passes through the gland 7 into the interior of the stationary piston; the piston rod 12 has a reduced end that is secured by threads and nut to the horizontal ear21 of a sliding head 19 as. a rigid connection. The sliding head 19 has a T guide20 to cooperate with the T guideway 17 that is secured by bolts '18 or'otherwise to the flat surfaces 16 of the interior of the stationary piston. J

The piston rod 12 is secured to the piston head by means of bolts and a flangel5 as shown. i i g g The sliding head 19 is provided with a vertical bearing car 22 to which the connecting rod 23 joins, the latter'also joining with the crank of the crank shaft 24.

The'piston rod 12has a passage 13 which communicates through a port 25 with a passage 26 in the cross head 19. The passage 26 communicates with the upright pipe 27 that telescopes with the stationary pipe 28. the latter having a bracket 29 by which it is securely mounted in a stationary position. The pipe 28 has provision at 30 to connect with an outside source of water or oil supply. A second stationary pipe 31, having a bracket 32, is mounted in a fixed position to receive a second upright pipe 33 that is carried by thejcross head 19 and communicating with a passage 34 that in turn connects the use of with a. pipe 35 extending up into thechamber 36 of the piston head 11 and passing through the passage 13. Oilor water is forced through the pipes 31, 33,. passage 34, pipe 35, into chamber 36 and returns via passage 13, pipes 2728, thus cooling the piston head. i

The type of engine which I have shown is one'in which a fresh air charge is drawn into the reciprocating pistonfrom the crank case through the stationary piston head during the up-stroke of the reciprocating piston, such air being compressed on the downstroke andpassed through p1ston controlled ports and by-pass (not shown) into the working chamber of the engine.

The sliding head 19 is mountedso that when the greatest thrust occurs; on the, connccting rod the back or counter-force tends to press the sliding the sliding piston against the greatest hearing surface of the T, whereas on the return stroke of the piston where the thrust is not as great asunder the working stroke, the thrust is taken up on the lesser surface of the T head and guideway. a

By the construction shown and described not only am Ienabled to make provision for proper cooling of the reciprocatingpiston head but I have provided a convenient sliding guideway that can be readilyreplaced when worn.

p From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, it is thought the complete construction, operation and advantagesof my invention will be clear to those skilled in the art to which it relates. Y a

'WhatI claim is: i

1; In an internal combustion engine wherein'isprovided"a crank case, a crankshaft, a cylinder secured to the crank case, a stationary piston secured within'the cylinder, and a reciprocating piston fitted over said, sta- 'tionary piston withinthe cylinder; a gland on the head ofsaid stationary piston, a piston rod secured to the head of said reciprocating piston and projecting through said gland into the stationary piston, a channeled guideway mounted within said stationary piston, a sliding head having a guide cooperating withsaid guideway to hold the head in place to slide along said guideway, means connecting said piston rod to said sliding head, and a connecting rod between said sliding head andcrank. i

.2. In an internal combustion engine-wherein is provided a crank case, a crank shaft, a cylinder secured to the crank case, a stationary piston secured within the cylinder, and a reciprocating piston fitted over-said stationarypistonf within the' cylinder; a'gland on the head of said stationary piston, a piston rodsecured totheheadof said reciprocating piston and projecting through said gland into the stationary piston, a channeled guideway mounted within said stationary piston, a sliding head having a guide cooperating with said guideway to hold the head in place to slide along said guideway, means connecting'said piston rod to said sliding head, a connecting rod between said sliding head andcrank,-. said piston head being chambered head toward the wall of crank shaft'and said piston rod, said connections comprising a removable guideway mounted within the stationary piston a sliding head associated with said -gu1deway, means rigidly to connect said piston. rod to said sliding head, and a connecting rod between said sliding head and said crank shaft.

4. In an internal combustion engine wherein is provided acrank case, a crank shaft, a cylinder secured to the crank case, a stationary piston secured within the cylinder, and a reciprocating iston fitted over said stationary piston withm the cylinder; a gland on the head of said stationary piston, a piston'rod secured to the head of said reciprocating piston and projectingthrough said gland into the stationary piston, a channeled 'guideway "mounted within said stationary piston, a sliding head having a ide cooperating with said'guideway to hold the head in placeto slide along said guideway, means connecting said piston rod to" said slidinghead, and a connecting rod between said-sliding headand'crank, said sliding head having an inlet and an, outlet passage, said piston rod being hollow andv said pistonhaving a hollow headya pipe communicating atone end with one of said passages and at the other end with the interior of the piston head, said piston rod com- 'municating with theinterior of the piston lUli neled guideway mounted within said stationary piston, a sliding head having a guide cooperating with said guideway to hold the head in place to'slide along said guideway, means connecting said piston rod to said sliding head, and a connecting rod between said sliding head and crank, said sliding head having an inlet and an outlet passage, said piston rod being hollow and said piston having a hollow head, a pipe communicating at one end with one of said passages andat theother end with the interior of the piston head, said piston rod communicating with theinterior of the piston head and with the other of said passages, and means including telescopic ducts, certain of said ducts being carried by the slid- 10 ing head and the remainder being located to receive and cooperate with the same.

LEONARD V. HOSFORD. 

